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Menopause

Climacteric and menopause

At Ginecenter, our gynaecologist specialises in climacteric and menopause, Dr. Madrizwill advise you on the different treatment options to combat the discomfort caused by the symptoms of menopause, adapting them to the individual condition of each patient.

Climacteric is the phase of life comprising the transitional years between the reproductive and non-reproductive phases.

Menopause is known as the last menstrual period (a term often confused with climacteric) and usually occurs around the age of 50, although in some cases it occurs before the age of 40 (early menopause) or, conversely, over the age of 55 (late menopause).

A recent review reveals that the life expectancy of women in Spain, thanks to improved living conditions and the constant improvement in the quality of health systems in developed societies, stands at 86 years.
When the menopause arrives, a woman still has a third of her life ahead of her. In this new stage, menstrual periods and the symptoms that can accompany them cease, the use of a contraceptive method is no longer necessary and it is possible to experience sexuality without the fear of an unplanned pregnancy. The independence of children, professional fulfilment and acquired experience can turn this stage into an opportunity to enjoy more free time for oneself and to fulfil desires that were postponed. 

It is time for new challenges.

To maintain a good or acceptable quality of life at this stage, it is important to know the principles of healthy living and the achievements and advances of medicine (available to anyone at the doctor's office or health centre) in order to learn to live naturally and positively with the changes in body and mind that occur gradually with increasing age.

Symptomatology

At this stage hormonal changes appear, specifically the gradual decrease in oestrogen levels, which has a negative impact on different levels: the genitals, the urinary system, the bones, the cardiovascular system, and even the emotional and cognitive sphere.

The main symptoms, apart from menstrual cycle irregularities and definitive amenorrhoea (menopause), are mainly three:

Vasomotor disorders

Mainly hot flushes and sweating. They are due to dysregulation of the thermoregulatory centre and occur with varying frequency during the day and at night, causing insomnia and tiredness.

Urogenital atrophy or syndrome

Changes occur in the vulva, vagina and lower urinary tract (bladder and urethra), producing:

  • Dryness, burning, itching, thinning of the vaginal walls (and in the longer term vaginal narrowing), which can lead to dyspareunia (pain during penetration).
  • Urine leakage due to weakening of the pelvic floor, both exertional and emergency.

Osteoporosis

The decline in bone mass is associated with age in both men and women, however, in women, the decline in oestrogen produces a significant increase in the incidence of bone loss. osteoporosis in relation to each other which creates an increased risk of osteoporotic fractures (hip, vertebrae, forearm, etc.).

The main symptoms, apart from menstrual cycle irregularities and definitive amenorrhoea (menopause), are mainly three:

Treatment of climacteric ("menopause")

The passive behaviour that characterised medical practice in the past, which basically turned us into mere spectators of changes that seemed to happen irremediably, has been replaced by a comprehensive approach focused on the prevention and treatment of diseases that increase their incidence at this stage. Diseases such as osteoporosis, genitourinary syndrome, cardiac and blood vessel pathologies, as well as breast cancer, among others, can be prevented or diagnosed at an early stage, thus guaranteeing the wellbeing of women.
Despite possible treatments, it is important to comply with a number of general recommendations such as: physical exercise (especially walking, swimming and dancing), a balanced diet (rich in fibre, calcium and vitamin D and A) and the detrimental effect of smoking and excessive alcohol consumption on physical and mental well-being.